{"id":15993,"date":"2025-09-19T14:19:41","date_gmt":"2025-09-19T14:19:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gridenergy.ma\/?p=15993"},"modified":"2025-09-19T15:00:53","modified_gmt":"2025-09-19T15:00:53","slug":"les-parafoudres-ht-element-cle-dans-la-protection-des-postes-electriques","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gridenergy.ma\/fr\/les-parafoudres-ht-element-cle-dans-la-protection-des-postes-electriques\/","title":{"rendered":"Les parafoudres HT: El\u00e9ment cl\u00e9 dans la protection des postes \u00e9lectriques"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Dans un r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique, la continuit\u00e9 de service et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des \u00e9quipements d\u00e9pendent fortement de la maitrise des risques des surtensions. Les parafoudres haute tension (HT) constituent la premi\u00e8re ligne de d\u00e9fense face aux surtensions atmosph\u00e9riques (foudre) ou de man\u0153uvre (op\u00e9rations de coupure, d\u00e9clenchements).<\/span><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019un parafoudre HT ?<\/strong><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Un parafoudre est un dispositif de protection qui :<\/span><\/p>

  • Limite la surtension appliqu\u00e9e aux \u00e9quipements en d\u00e9rivant l\u2019exc\u00e9dent d\u2019\u00e9nergie vers la terre.<\/span><\/li>
  • Prot\u00e8ge les isolations des transformateurs, disjoncteurs, jeux de barres et c\u00e2bles.<\/span><\/li>
  • Am\u00e9liore la disponibilit\u00e9 du r\u00e9seau en \u00e9vitant les d\u00e9faillances dues aux surtensions.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Crit\u00e8res essentiels d\u2019installation<\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    a) Emplacement dans le poste<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    • \u00a0Les parafoudres doivent \u00eatre install\u00e9s au plus proche de l\u2019\u00e9quipement \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger (transformateur, disjoncteur, c\u00e2ble, jeux de barres).<\/span><\/li>
    • Ils sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement connect\u00e9s entre la phase et la terre.<\/span><\/li>
    • Dans les postes HT, on les trouve souvent en parall\u00e8le avec l\u2019\u00e9quipement \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      b) Mise \u00e0 la terre<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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      • C\u2019est l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ment le plus critique : la liaison entre le parafoudre et la terre doit \u00eatre courte, directe et \u00e0 faible imp\u00e9dance.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        c) Distance d\u2019isolement et coordination<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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        • Respecter les distances minimales de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 vis-\u00e0-vis des autres \u00e9quipements<\/span><\/li>
        • V\u00e9rifier la coordination d\u2019isolement entre le parafoudre et l\u2019\u00e9quipement<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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          d) Raccordement \u00e9lectrique<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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          • Utiliser des conducteurs de section adapt\u00e9e, r\u00e9sistants aux contraintes de court-circuit.<\/span><\/li>
          • Les connexions doivent \u00eatre fermement serr\u00e9es et prot\u00e9g\u00e9es contre la corrosion.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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            e) Orientation et montage<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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            Les parafoudres peuvent \u00eatre install\u00e9s verticalement ou horizontalement selon les sp\u00e9cifications du fabricant.<\/span><\/p>

            Pr\u00e9voir un espace pour faciliter les inspections et les essais.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t

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            Etapes critiques d'installation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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            1. Ing\u00e9nieurie et d\u00e9finition du type de parafoudre selon les informations du site<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>

            2. Pr\u00e9paration du site : v\u00e9rifier la mise \u00e0 la terre, nettoyer les surfaces de contact.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

            3. Montage m\u00e9canique : installer le parafoudre sur son support (structure m\u00e9tallique ou isolateurs).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

            4. Connexion \u00e9lectrique : raccorder le parafoudre au conducteur de phase et au conducteur de terre.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

            5.V\u00e9rification des serrages : contr\u00f4ler le couple de serrage des bornes (selon notice fabricant).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

            6.Contr\u00f4le visuel : v\u00e9rifier l\u2019absence de boucles, la longueur des c\u00e2bles, la continuit\u00e9 de la terre.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

            7.Mesures initiales : r\u00e9aliser un premier test de courant de fuite, de puissance avec OMICRON TESTRANO 600, CPC 100 ou CPC 200.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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            Essais de parafoudre avec Omicron Testrano 600<\/span><\/h3>

            Le TESTRANO 600 (CPC 100, CPC 200) est le premier syst\u00e8me de test triphas\u00e9 portable au monde \u00e0 prendre en charge tous les tests \u00e9lectriques conventionnels des transformateurs de puissance et de distribution monophas\u00e9s et triphas\u00e9s pour les tests de routine et de diagnostic sur site, ou pendant les tests de r\u00e9ception en usine (FAT).<\/span><\/p>

            Chez GEC, nous l\u2019utilisons pour assurer la fiabilit\u00e9 et la performance des parafoudres install\u00e9s sur les postes \u00e9lectriques et \u00e9quipements sensibles.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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            Principaux essais r\u00e9alis\u00e9s sur les parafoudres<\/span><\/h3>
            1. \u00a0Mesure de la caract\u00e9ristique tension-courant (V-I)<\/span><\/li>
            2. Mesure des courants de fuite<\/span><\/li>
            3. Contr\u00f4le de la tension r\u00e9siduelle<\/span><\/li>
            4. Tests de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence et suivi dans le temps<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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              Avantages du TESTRANO 600 pour les essais de parafoudres<\/span><\/h3>
              • Appareil polyvalent et portable, adapt\u00e9 aux interventions sur site.<\/span><\/li>
              • Permet des tests rapides et fiables, r\u00e9duisant le temps d\u2019indisponibilit\u00e9 des installations.<\/span><\/li>
              • Int\u00e8gre des protocoles conformes aux normes internationales IEC, garantissant la pr\u00e9cision et la reproductibilit\u00e9 des r\u00e9sultats.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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                L\u2019offre globale<\/span> de Grid Energy Company repose sur une approche int\u00e9gr\u00e9e qui englobe:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>

                • L\u2019ing\u00e9nieurie,<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>
                • La fourniture en \u00e9troite collaboration avec notre repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 CG POWER,<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>
                • L\u2019installation et supervision de l\u2019installation,<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>
                • Les essais avec les \u00e9quipements de notre repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 OMICRON \u00e0 savoir TESTRANO 600, CPC 100, CPC 200.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>

                  En r\u00e9unissant toutes ces \u00e9tapes au sein d\u2019une solution unique, GEC assure \u00e0 ses clients une protection fiable, durable et performante de leurs installations \u00e9lectriques, tout en s\u00e9curisant leurs r\u00e9seaux contre les surtensions et en optimisant leur disponibilit\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnelle.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Dans un r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique, la continuit\u00e9 de service et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des \u00e9quipements d\u00e9pendent fortement de la maitrise des risques des surtensions. Les parafoudres haute tension (HT) constituent la premi\u00e8re ligne de d\u00e9fense face aux surtensions atmosph\u00e9riques (foudre) ou de man\u0153uvre (op\u00e9rations de coupure, d\u00e9clenchements). Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019un parafoudre HT ? Un parafoudre est un dispositif […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":15995,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[24],"class_list":["post-15993","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-le-saviez-vous-et-tutoriels-2","tag-le-saviez-vous-et-tutoriels"],"yoast_head":"\nLes parafoudres HT: El\u00e9ment cl\u00e9 dans la protection des postes \u00e9lectriques - Grid Energy Company<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gridenergy.ma\/fr\/les-parafoudres-ht-element-cle-dans-la-protection-des-postes-electriques\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les parafoudres HT: El\u00e9ment cl\u00e9 dans la protection des postes \u00e9lectriques - Grid Energy Company\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dans un r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique, la continuit\u00e9 de service et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des \u00e9quipements d\u00e9pendent fortement de la maitrise des risques des surtensions. Les parafoudres haute tension (HT) constituent la premi\u00e8re ligne de d\u00e9fense face aux surtensions atmosph\u00e9riques (foudre) ou de man\u0153uvre (op\u00e9rations de coupure, d\u00e9clenchements). Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019un parafoudre HT ? 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